John L. Gaddis/US and the End of the Cold War
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A 3 page book review The United States and the End of the Cold War by historian John L. Gaddis. This text presents a thorough and insightful look backwards at the four decade long struggle known as the Cold War, focusing particularly on why it ended and what lessons the world as a whole could draw from this experience. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khgadwar.rtf

John Locke and the U.S. Constitution
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This 6 page report discusses the fact that although almost a century separated John Locke’s writing from the creation of the British colonists “declaration of independence,” the Revolutionary War, and the ultimate development of the United States’ constitution, the thinking of John Locke (1632-1704) played an important role in the mindset of Americans in its earliest years. As a result, his thinking can also be seen in the structure of the U.S. Constitution. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: BWconloc.rtf

John Locke/Second Treatise
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A 5 page essay that discusses Locke's purpose in writing his Second Treatise on Government. In his preface, Locke expresses his intention to justify the rule of King William and disprove the philosophy of Robert Filmer. In his Second Treatise, Locke succeeds in his purpose, showing that government whose sovereignty derives form the consent of the governed need not lay a foundation for perpetual "Disorder and Mischief, Tumult, Sedition and Rebellion" (Locke, 1998). He achieves this purpose largely through his logical commentary, which distinguishes between a State of Nature (SN) and a State of War (SW). Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: khlocke2.rtf

John Locke: Freedom, Equality, and Consent as it Relates to Membership in Civil Society
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A 5 page overview of Locke’s philosophies in regard to freedom and equality. This paper explores Locke’s contention in the Second Treatise Locke presented his belief that while the state of nature was a state of free and equal individuals, membership in civil society was based upon the premise of active consent. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPlocke2.rtf

John Locke’s Majority and Thomas Hobbes Sovereignty
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This 5 page report discusses Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) and John Locke (1632-1704) and their points of view as related to the concept of “majority” (Locke) and sovereignty (Hobbes). . In Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes presents man as a machine operating on the basis of cause-and-effect or stimulus-response. Locke believes that the only reason society degenerates to armed conflict and strife is because of a depletion of the essential ingredients of an individual or a community’s self-preservation. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: BWmajsov.rtf

John Locke’s Views Regarding Personal Property
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This 8 page report discusses English philosopher, John Locke (1632-1704), and his belief that the only reason society degenerates to armed conflict and strife is because of a depletion of the essential ingredients of an individual or a community’s self-preservation. Those ingredients, according to the Second Treatise include the right to private property. He also believes that it is labor that creates value and turns something that was fundamentally worthless into something of worth. Therefore, the person who has put energy and effort into a product has a right to that product. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BWpropjl.wps

John Locke’s “Second Treatise on Government”: Locke’s View of Human Nature and the Only Legitimate Form of Government
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This is a 4 page paper discussing human nature and government based on mutual consent from John Locke’s his “Second Treatise on Government” (1690). John Locke within his “Second Treatise on Government” covers the development of the need for civil government based on the laws of Nature and those of man. Firstly, in Nature, all men are equal and it is within human nature to love and want to be loved by others, humans, with whom they are equal. Despite this love for other humans however, Locke also acknowledges that man realizes that human nature has weaknesses and because of this men mutually agree to follow the laws of Nature which will not allow men to harm another’s life, property, health or freedom. Men also mutually agree on laws within their government by which all men must consent or be punished if broken. The consent to follow mutual laws is also applied to government in that as man chooses to become a member of society he also agrees to the mutual terms set out by the government he choose to support within society. Civil government can only be effective if it extends the human nature of man to be equal by the mutual consent of all those concerned. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: TJJLSTG1.rtf

John Rawls/Justice as Fairness
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A 10 page research paper/essay that examines the "justice as fairness" doctrine of John Rawls, who is considered to be one of the most notable political theorists of the twentieth century. The writer examines his theory, gives an overview, and discusses its weak areas. Rawls' books A Theory of Justice and Justice as Fairness as consulted. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khjrawls.rtf

John Rawls’ Theories of Social Justice and Human Rights and Their Applications to Issues in Today’s Society
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This is a 20 page paper discussing the political philosophies of John Rawls and their applications in today’s society. The political philosophies of John Rawls have included the aspects of theories of justice, justice as fairness, and political liberalism which are all used in the moral rights of citizens and the structure of society to provide social justice and equal human rights. Within the structure of society, Rawls believes that representatives from every generation should be allowed to bargain for an agreement of principles in societies but must all agree on two major principles: one, that each person has the absolute right to basic liberties and freedoms; and, two that social and economic inequalities can occur with fair competition but the inequalities must always benefit the least advantaged in society. Although Rawls has received some criticism on his philosophies over the years, largely because he does not stipulate which ends are to be met in society but only the process which must take place in the bargaining aspect of social justice, his theories have been used in relation to many modern issues including the fight for the rights of minorities, women, religious tolerance, sexual preference, family issues and special education. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: TJRawls1.rtf

John Stuart Mill on What Constitutes a Good Marriage
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A 5 page paper which examines John Stuart Mill's concept of an ideal marriage, and his description of what a good marriage should be like, as considered in "The Subjection of Women."
Filename: TGjsmarg.wps

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